Ecotourism in Katon-Karagai National Park: experience of expedition study and assessment of tourist potential

Abstract

This study is a comprehensive assessment of the ecological and tourist potential of the Katon-Karagai National Park, based on expedition studies conducted in July 2025. The study uses an assessment system adapted by the authors, based on the principles of the The International union for conservation of nature (IUCN), including criteria for ecological integrity, vulnerability of ecosystems, environmental significance, anthropogenic impact and management. Field observations, a comparative assessment of key natural and cultural sites, and a structured survey of stakeholders (n = 101) revealed the high ecological value of the park and its historical heritage, along with pronounced infrastructural, navigational, and management constraints. The results were summarized using a SWOT analysis, which shows that the park has significant potential to become a leading ecotourism destination in Kazakhstan, subject to targeted improvements such as infrastructure modernization, improved waste management, and increased public participation. The results obtained contribute to a broader discussion of sustainable tourism in protected areas and offer evidence-based recommendations for bringing national park management in line with international ecotourism standards.