The effect of significant physical exertion on the reproductive function of the body of female boxers

Abstract

This article was written as part of a dissertation research: «Managing the training process of female boxers aged 17-18 years, taking into account functional features». The relevance of the research topic is due to the growing number of women involved in professional sports and the insufficient study of the impact of intense physical exertion on their reproductive health. The purpose of this study was a comprehensive assessment of the impact of significant physical activity on the reproductive health of women who are engaged in boxing.  The study was conducted on the basis of the TSMSOE "Specialized Children's and Youth School of the Olympic Reserve No. 9" with the participation of 30 female boxers aged 18-25 years, training 5-6 times a week. Methods of laboratory blood tests, ultrasound, and anthropometric measurements were used. Statistical analysis included methods of descriptive statistics. Estradiol deficiency was detected in 40% of the participants (average level 70 pg/ml), which is associated with the intensity of training (r=-0.42, p<0.05). Progesterone deficiency was observed in 50% of the participants (average level 3 ng/ml), which also correlated with the intensity of training (r=-0.47, p<0.01). These hormonal changes can lead to menstrual irregularities and decreased fertility. Anemia was detected in 20% of the participants, with an average hemoglobin level of 115 g/l (SD=5.5), which is below normal (120-160 g/l). These findings emphasize the need for regular monitoring of hormone and trace element levels in female athletes, which will allow timely detection and correction of deficiencies such as low levels of estradiol, progesterone, magnesium and vitamin D, which will help maintain high fertility rates.