Assessment of morphological indicators of body composition in women aged 30–49 at the initial stage of health-oriented fitness based on bioimpedance analysis

Abstract

This article presents the results of an original study using the bioimpedance analysis method to determine the following indicators of physical development: height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), and the ratio of muscle to fat mass in untrained women aged 30–49 who are beginning fitness training at the “Royal Club Bukhar Zhyrau” in Almaty. The obtained data were analyzed and processed using mathematical statistics methods, summarized, and formulated as research findings. The results indicate the necessity of considering body composition indicators and their ratios when developing fitness programs, as they affect not only body shape correction but also overall physical health. To achieve the research goal, 91 women who had just started fitness training were examined. Before beginning their workouts, all participants underwent body composition measurements using a bioimpedance analyzer (Tanita). Data analysis revealed a predominance of fat mass over muscle mass in the majority of the participants, as well as BMI values corresponding to overweight or obesity. The study showed that the initial body composition indicators varied significantly among individuals. A trend toward increased fat mass with age was identified, emphasizing the importance of timely lifestyle adjustments and the inclusion of regular physical activity.