Analysis and cartographic modeling of international tourist flows to Kazakhstan (2019–2024)

Abstract

The article analyzes the dynamics and geographical structure of international tourist flows to Kazakhstan in 2019–2024. The purpose of the study is to identify temporal changes in tourist flows based on official statistical data and to demonstrate their spatial distribution by main countries of origin through cartographic modeling. The research methodology includes statistical analysis, comparative analysis, and cartographic visualization methods based on geographic information systems. The analysis revealed that tourist flows significantly decreased during the pandemic period, and a recovery trend was observed in 2023–2024. Russia, Uzbekistan, China, Germany, the USA, India, and Iran were identified as the main tourist markets for Kazakhstan. The compiled flow maps allow us to visually demonstrate the spatial directions of tourist movement. The results of the study can be used to plan tourism infrastructure, improve marketing strategies, and justify tourism policy.