The impact of rock climbing on the physical condition and anxiety levels of university students

Abstract

The inclusion of rock climbing in university physical education is increasingly relevant. This study examines a four-month recreational rock climbing program's impact on the physical fitness and psycho-emotional state of university students. Twenty-six Nazarbayev University students (7 women, 19 men) participated in structured classes (9 hours/week) from February to May 2026, including an outdoor session in Burabay. Physical fitness was assessed via general and climbing-specific tests (grip dynamometry, 20mm hang time, IRCRA category). Psycho-emotional state was evaluated using the SAM questionnaire. Spearman's rank correlation analysis revealed that attendance regularity was the strongest predictor of outcomes, showing strong negative correlations with grip strength (ρ=−0.709, p<0.01) and maximum climbing difficulty (ρ=−0.686, p<0.01). Specific climbing skills highly correlated with finger flexor strength (ρ=0.534, p<0.01) and 20mm hang time (ρ=0.573, p<0.01), while general fitness tests showed no significant effect. Psychoemotional assessments indicated significant improvements in well-being and mood, peaking after outdoor classes, confirming a "nature immersion" effect. Recreational rock climbing effectively maintains functional capabilities and psycho-emotional regulation rather than achieving standardized fitness norms. Consistency is a key success factor.